The implementation of the National IV will soon begin, but the technical route of the SCR+urea solution has serious limitations, and the increased cost of upgrading will have a certain adverse impact on the demand of the vehicle in the short term. The lack of oil products meeting the standards will also bring challenges. How to deal with vehicle manufacturers?
The haze weather haunted many places to introduce the IV standards of diesel vehicles that will be implemented on July 1 this year into public opinion centers. This hot debate originated from a previous notice issued by the Ministry of Environmental Protection that required all production, import, sales, and registration of vehicle compression ignition engines (generally referred to as diesel engines) and automobiles since July 1, 2013. Meet the national IV emission standards. Although the standard was "difficult to produce" on several occasions, experts at this time made it clear that the National IV standard will not be delayed again.
Maintenance habits become a test
As soon as the National IV Standard was announced, parts and vehicle manufacturers have expressed their optimism about traditional catalytic route of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) urea solutions. They can be used to neutralize or reduce the toxic substances in the exhaust gas through the installation of a post-processing system. The added particle trap can also reduce particulate emissions through physical filtration. This technology route can effectively compensate for the deficiencies of EGR in particle emissions.
In the eyes of Zhu Ju, deputy chief planner of Guangxi Yuchai Machinery Co., Ltd., this technical route has its limitations. Allowing particle traps and urea solutions to fully function, in fact, rely on the user's maintenance habits. Since the principle of the particle trap is similar to that of the filter, it will be blocked as the service life increases. This requires the user to periodically clean or replace the particulate trap. In the same way, the user is also required to continuously add urea solution, otherwise the emission effect will not be as expected.
In addition, regional supply differences will also be an obstacle. Zhu Ju said that at present, first-tier cities have established urea filling stations, but there are few urea supply points in second- and third-tier cities and remote mountainous regions, and remote mountainous regions are also the counterpart markets for commercial vehicles. A large number of cards and trucks are sold in rural areas. Under the background that the basic supporting equipment is still incomplete, it is difficult for users to maintain the equipment on a regular basis, and neither the purchase of urea nor the cleaning and replacement of particulate traps has yet to be included in the scope of after-sales services. The costs incurred must be passed on to consumers. . Maybe China IV will encourage users to continue to improve their maintenance habits, but more worry comes from the fact that users' habits are hard to change and their implementation is greatly reduced.
Upgrade costs will increase
In order to achieve the national IV emissions effect, consumers will have to face the cost increase caused by environmental upgrades. In addition, the State IV will also increase the production costs of manufacturing companies, and parts and vehicle manufacturers will face a game. First of all, component manufacturers will weigh the supply price as the initial link in the supply chain. Secondly, as an intermediate link, vehicle manufacturing companies must accept the pressure imposed by parts and components companies and must “squeeze some blood†when the manufacturing costs have increased.
As for how much the cost will increase, Zhu Ju believes that the addition of an engine post-processing system to parts and components companies will increase the cost of several thousand yuan. Li Tongsheng, Minister of Culture and Sports of Zhongtong Bus Brands, did not disclose the relevant amount. He only stated that because of the increase in cost, the National IV models will have a certain pressure on the sales of the National III models. In the eyes of Ruan Zhihao, Secretary General of the China Road Society Bus Division, the State IV will directly increase the purchasing cost of 25,000 to 3 million yuan for consumers. An Kai, chief engineer of Ankai Bus, believes that the installation of a post-processing system will be reflected in the supply price.
At the manufacturing level, first of all, the passenger car engine emission stage is upgraded. Passenger car companies must apply for “announcement†of automobile products in accordance with the new model. When applying for “announcementâ€, the new product must pass the test, test, and inspection of the national automobile quality supervision and inspection department. qualified. The total test fee for ordinary passenger car products is expected to be 115,000 yuan, and the hybrid bus cost is expected to be around 225,000 yuan. Secondly, fuel trucks increase the post-processing system. For the vehicle design, there is an increase in the layout of urea tanks and jet pumps. The exhaust system adds catalytic converters, and changes in the corresponding urea injection lines and post-processing harnesses are added. In other words, domestic engines will increase by 25,000-3.8 million yuan, and imported engines will increase by 40,000-60,000 yuan.
In addition, the increase in emission standards will also encourage vehicle manufacturers to make efforts to optimize energy consumption. The domestic fuel standards are not the same. Whenever a vehicle is sold to a foreign country, it is necessary to use oil that meets the local emission standards to drive the vehicle to its destination. In the view of Wang Jian, editor-in-chief of China Bus & Bus, the increased costs will generally be absorbed by the owner and will eventually be transferred to passengers or shippers.
Oil problem to be solved
At present, for most manufacturing companies, to achieve national IV emission requirements, the lack of fuel that meets the national IV emission standards is the main factor affecting compliance.
Nowadays, a few companies have been able to achieve emission standards without high-quality fuel supply through improved technology. However, some of these companies have also relied on imported and joint venture branded products and technologies to meet the requirements of the National IV standard. However, the instability of most domestic parts and components manufacturing enterprises in the process of localization of self-owned brands or proprietary technologies is still evident, and the supply of China IV oil products can only guarantee the supply of key cities, and the demand for high-standard fuel oil is always exist.
To this end, Wang Jian proposes to constrain the oil refining enterprises in the legal system to promote the provision of high-quality oil products, to improve the energy efficiency of vehicles with high-quality fuel, to minimize the waste of energy during system advancement, the engine and the entire Car companies need to further reduce fuel consumption and reduce consumers' purchase and use costs. Zhai Zhihao also stated that relevant departments should make unified regulations on oil products so that oil products and standards can be promoted in a coordinated manner. Fortunately, some experts believe that the standard shows that the government is more inclined to environmental protection between environmental protection and economic choice, and believes that the launch of State IV may indirectly send signals to refiners.
Corporate voice
Suzhou Jinlong
Suzhou Jinlong Haig Bus will conduct technical research from internal construction to match and optimize the vehicle design. While ensuring the smooth production of the sample car, it will also contact the upstream suppliers to purchase first-class power system components and related auxiliary parts for the sample car. Successfully put into production to provide material protection. A few days ago, all preparations for the National IV and even the National V standard models have been completed, and buses that meet the National IV emission standards have been sold to multiple regions.
Zhongtong Bus
In recent years, Zhongtong Bus Co., Ltd. has jointly studied with the engine plant the functional devices such as post-discharge control system, on-board diagnostic system (OBD), emission control device, etc., and achieved a reasonable match on the entire vehicle. At the same time, a lot of preparations were made for the adjustment of product platforms, and the reserve of catalogue resources for the National IV emission models was carried out. By applying for “announcementâ€, 3C certification, and other related certifications, it has met the conditions for market access, and at the same time it has begun to transfer to some domestic countries in the past two years. Foreign markets provide road buses, tourist buses and city buses that comply with State IV emissions.
Changlong Bus
Changlong Bus started to research and develop clean energy and new energy vehicles as early as 2011. At present, it has successively developed new gas buses that meet the national IV and National V emission standards and has achieved good operational results in Jiangyin and Changzhou. Changlong is also actively developing and storing fuel-type buses that meet the National IV emission standards. The new models range from five meters to 11 meters in four series and a total of seven products. The existing technologies are ready for research and development.
China National Heavy Duty Truck
Last year, China National Heavy Duty Truck received a heavy truck order for 2000 Euro V emission standards from Brazil and has now delivered 800 vehicles. It can be seen that SINOSTEEL has seized the opportunity in product development.
It is understood that both the heavy-duty engine and Mann's cooperation in research and development of the engine, or heavy-duty engine independently developed by the company have reached the national IV emission standards, including heavy truck and Mann R & D's new products will be put on the market this year. At present, Sinotruk has mastered related technologies in the National IV products and has the conditions for market promotion.
SAIC Iveco Red Rock
At present, SAIC Iveco Hongyan has rich product reserves for the National IV standard.
According to the introduction, the heavy duty truck product of Shanghai Yiyihong was originally used by the Fiat Cursor engine. The engine has reached European V and Euro VI standards in Europe, while the heavy truck products produced by Yihong in line with Euro V and Euro VI standards have been returned to the market. Europe. At present, Yiyin started to promote the new products of the State IV.
Shaanxi Auto
As early as 2007, Shaanxi Automobile had successfully developed the first national IV high-end heavy truck. In June 2009, Shaanxi Automobile Cummins State IV series heavy trucks were first listed. Shaanxi Automobile's Cummins IV series heavy trucks use the Xi'an Cummins ISM series 11-liter IV engines jointly developed by Cummins of the United States, Cummins Xi'an and Shaanxi Automobile. At the same time, Shaanxi Auto also cooperated with Weichai, and Weichai’s upgraded Blue Engine China IV engine and Shaanxi Auto Heavy Truck Co., Ltd. conducted matching tests. This engine is based on the Weichai Power Lanqing WP12 Series 12-liter mature model. The electronic control system has been upgraded. Through matching tests with Weichai, Shaanxi Auto also completed the technical reserves of the China IV model.
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