According to the statistics of the Customs, in 2013 China's total exports of instrumentation products were 25.37 billion U.S. dollars, up 6.2% over the same period of last year; imports were 42.29 billion U.S. dollars, up 3.8% over the same period of last year.
Since 2001, China's instrumentation products import and export has maintained rapid and steady growth, only in 2009 by the impact of the international financial crisis declined, after rapid and temporary recovery in 2010 and 2011, the past two years and gradually Downturn.
China's instrumentation products have long been in a deficit state of import and export trade. Since 2001, the trade deficit has continued to expand, and the deficit exceeded that of exports by 2006. However, since 2005, the export growth rate gradually started to surpass the import growth rate, the trade deficit increase gradually narrowed, and the deficit was also exceeded by the export volume. The trade deficit hit a record high of 17.16 billion U.S. dollars in 2011 and has since started to decline.
Monthly import and export mixed
In terms of exports, after experiencing a brief growth in the first half of the year, overall performance dipped in the first half of the year and growth remained stable in the second half of the year. On the import side, the monthly growth rate fluctuated greatly. In the whole year, the import and export increased slightly while the export growth continued to be higher than the increase in imports.
Instrumentation products are divided into 12 categories. In terms of export, industrial automatic control systems and devices, optical instruments and medical instruments are the most important product categories. Industrial automatic control systems and devices with rapid export growth (18.1%), electrical instrumentation (11.1%), experimental analysis Instruments (14.6%) and scales (10.2%). Only exports of measuring instruments fell year on year.
Industrial automatic control systems and devices, laboratory analysis instruments, medical instruments, optical instruments, electronic measuring instruments are the main categories of imports. The fastest growing imports are optical instruments (20.9%), laboratory analytical instruments (15.8%) and medical Instruments (7.1%), imports of other product categories have varying degrees of decline.
China's instrumentation products only in the technical content of the lower measuring instruments, scales, graphics and measuring instruments import and export trade in the surplus, the remaining categories of products are in the trade deficit, especially in high-tech industrial automation systems And devices, electronic measuring instruments, medical equipment trade deficit up.
Asia accounted for more than half of China's major export markets for instrumentation products, followed by Europe and North America (mainly the United States), with exports accounting for 19% of the total. Exports to the three major markets also surpassed average exports. In addition, the decline in exports to Africa, Latin America and Oceania, especially in Africa, decreased significantly.
The United States is China's largest import and export market for instrumentation products. In 2013, it exported 4.64 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 18.3 percent of the total, up 8.3 percent over the same period of last year. The United States imported 8.8 billion U.S. dollars, accounting for 20.8 percent of the total, up 9.2 percent over the same period of last year. Among the top ten export markets, exports to Japan only declined while exports grew faster in Taiwan, Singapore, Germany, the Netherlands and India, up 36.2%, 15.7%, 15.5%, 11.7% and 10.5% respectively, .
China imported 45.7% of instrumentation products from Asia, accounting for 32% of imports from Europe and 21.5% from North America. However, imports from these regions recorded a small increase, especially from Asia, which saw a year-on-year increase of only 0.7%. The regions with faster growth in imports are mainly in Africa, the Middle East and Eastern Europe. The reasons for this are mainly the small import base from these regions and the more obvious fluctuations in the growth rate.
In addition to the United States, Japan, Germany, South Korea and Taiwan provinces were the major countries and regions imported. However, the imports from Taiwan and South Korea grew rapidly at 14.9% and 12.1% respectively, while those from Germany and Japan increased by 3.7% And decreased by 8.7%.
The proportion of instrumentation products exported by China through general trade accounted for 44.8% of the total, up 9.5%; exports accounted for 44.4% of the total, up 3.6%; processing trade was dominated by feedstock processing, accounting for 44.8% 41% growth rate of 5.1%.
Imports accounted for a larger share of 65.5%, an increase of 6.5%; imports accounted for 16% of processing trade, down 0.1%, of which imports accounted for 13.9% of processing imports, an increase of 1%.
Guangdong accounted for 32.2% of the total exports of instrumentation products in China, with a rapid growth of 14%; followed by Jiangsu (accounting for 16.9% and down 0.3%), Shanghai (accounting for 14.1% and up 3.8% ), Zhejiang (9.3%, up 9.3%) and Beijing (6.3%, up 6.3%). The provinces that export more rapidly are mainly Ningxia in the west (up 131%), Guizhou (up to 70.5%), Yunnan (54%) and Xinjiang (52.9%), mainly due to the large increase in volatility caused by the small export base in these areas .
Shanghai accounted for 21.3% of the total imported instruments and meters, up 9.2%; followed by Guangdong (19.2%, up 4%), Beijing (16.2%, up 5.6%), Jiangsu Accounting for 12.8%, down 3.1%).
In 2013, there were 32,106 enterprises exporting instrumentation products in our country, with the top 100 enterprises accounting for 36.3% of the total exports. Most of the top-exporting enterprises were foreign-capitalized; 38,427 enterprises imported instrumentation products with the top 100 enterprises accounting for 31.2% . Relatively speaking, the concentration of instrumentation import and export enterprises is not high, the amount is not large and more dispersed.
The difference between technology and foreign countries is obvious
Instrumentation is a high-tech industry, instrumentation products are widely used in all areas of economic and social, whether it is control devices, optical instruments, or measuring instruments, analytical instruments, the accuracy of control and analysis of the measurement accuracy are high. At present, China's industrial development relies more on the advantages of low labor costs, intensive capital investment and rapidity. These advantages are difficult to play in instrumentation and technology-intensive industries.
Instrumentation industry, a wide range of products, high technology, small batch production and it is difficult to expand the market capacity is limited, the smaller the scale of import and export, it is difficult to attract enterprises to invest long-term and unremitting. However, the higher technical content also makes the instrumentation products with high added value. Although the output and export volume are difficult to expand rapidly, the enterprises are more likely to pass the general trade export, so the industry profit margin is relatively high.
Technical level and abroad
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