The chemical industry park is a product of modern chemical industry conforming to the trend of large-scale, intensified, optimized, internationalized operation and maximum benefit development. It is an important way to promote energy conservation and emission reduction. Along with the development of the chemical industry, the World Chemical Industry Park has gone through a course of development from scratch, from small to large, with continuous extension of the industrial chain and increasing product and added value. Recently, the relevant experts pointed out in an interview with reporters that the current world's major chemical parks have become the major production bases and enterprise clusters of the global petrochemical industry, leading the industry's development direction.
According to reports, since the early 1940s, the United States has taken the lead in adopting a centralized model to develop the petrochemical industry in the Gulf Coast region, which is rich in petroleum resources, numerous refineries, and convenient transportation. Baton Rouge has gradually formed in the region. Japan, Norco, Baytown, Beaumont, Port Arthur, Deere Park and a number of large-scale petrochemical industry gathering areas have created a precedent for the large-scale construction and development of the World Chemical Industry Park.
After the end of the Second World War, developed countries in Japan and Western Europe learned from the American model and established petrochemical industrial belts with relatively concentrated petrochemical industries in the coastal and coastal areas, which promoted the post-war economic recovery and take-off. In the three major regions of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Seto Inland Sea, and Osaka Bay on the Pacific coast of Japan, a relatively concentrated large-scale production of integrated refining and chemical production has gradually developed in Antwerp in Belgium and Ludwigshafen in Germany. base. After a long period of business development, these chemical industry gathering belts and gathering areas have the basic features of modern industrial parks.
In the past 30 years, developing countries have drawn lessons from the development experience of the United States, Europe, and Japan, and adopted the development model of centralization, large-scale, base-based, integrated refining and chemical, and park development, and made great progress in the construction of chemical industry parks. In Ulsan, Lichuan and Dashan in South Korea, Jubail and Yanbu in Saudi Arabia, Matabo in Thailand, and Jamnagar in India, a number of petrochemical companies with world-class scale and higher degree of industry concentration have been established. Industrial Park. Since the middle and late 1990s, with the development of natural gas exploration and development in the world and the rapid development of the natural gas industry, large-scale natural gas chemical industrial parks with natural gas processing and utilization as the main content began to emerge in some important resource countries. Today, the world chemical industry park has presented five major characteristics:
The first is built on the main consumption areas or resource bases, with convenient transportation, complete supporting facilities and developed associated industries. Japan's chemical industry parks are concentrated in the Pacific Rim area where large oil tankers can be docked. On the one hand, they rely on the two major Japanese markets in Tokyo and Kansai; on the other hand, they are convenient for exporting to overseas markets; the three major chemical parks in South Korea face each other across Japan and the sea. With a large harbor as a base to facilitate the entry and exit of raw materials and products, and not far from the major cities along the coast of China, it is suitable for the development of petrochemical industry strategies in the country's two headways; Antwerp, Belgium's chemical industry zone is based on Antwerp's port, with roads, railways and waterways extending in all directions. The pipeline network system for raw materials, products and public utilities in the park is a complete one. It is one of the European petrochemical product production centers and radiates to the global market. The annual chemical commodity trade volume of the port is as high as more than 12 billion euros. The Saudi Jubail industrial area is located The Arabian Gulf Coast is located in the heart of the Saudi oil production area and is very close to the resource-rich Gulf countries. It has world-class ports, deep-water berths, and docks. The storage and transportation facilities and shared facilities are complete, allowing petrochemical products to be shipped quickly. Global Market. At the same time, most of the world-famous chemical parks are also adjacent to other related industries and processing areas, so as to further optimize resource allocation and coordinate development.
Second, large-scale assembly, integration of refining and chemical industry, large company concentration, high industrial concentration, and significant economies of scale. There are hundreds of large-scale petroleum and petrochemical companies from around the world gathered in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. Their sales revenue accounts for 25% of the US petrochemical industry. Refining capacity and ethylene production capacity account for 44% and 95% of the total capacity of the United States. Japan's Pacific Coast Chemical Industry Belt has concentrated 85% of Japan's refining capacity and 89% of its ethylene capacity. The Ludwigshafen Chemical Park in Germany has concentrated on 250 units of BASF, producing thousands of products in five categories and 12 categories, with an output value of up to US$2.14 billion per square kilometer. The Ulsan Petrochemical Industrial Park in South Korea owns 32% of the country's refining capacity and 19% of its ethylene production capacity, forming a pattern of processing downstream products with SK as the leader, more than 20 South Korean and foreign companies, and BN Sichuan Petrochemical Industrial Park. South Korea's 1/4 refinery capacity, 36% ethylene capacity, and more than 10 South Korean and foreign-funded enterprises process downstream product processing; Dashan Petrochemical has 12% of the country's refining capacity and 31% of its ethylene production capacity. According to statistics, at least 11 of the world’s 20 largest refineries with a capacity of over 20 million tons per year are located in the world’s famous chemical parks.
The third is to give full play to their advantages and attach importance to the construction of the park's characteristics. The petrochemical industry in Europe, the United States, Japan and other countries started earlier. In order to continuously meet the higher requirements of the local market for petrochemical products in terms of variety, quality, and use, and give full play to their technological advantages, they are retaining the necessary basis for the production of bulk petrochemical products. At the same time, it took the lead in developing high-tech and high value-added products such as specialization, specialization, functionalization, refinement, and differentiation. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iran, and chemical parks in countries such as India, give full play to their resource advantages and vigorously develop bulk petrochemical and natural gas chemical products.
The fourth is to adopt an all-round integrated construction and production operation concept. The major chemical parks in the world have adopted the concept of all-around integration in their construction and production operations, implementing project design integration, industrial structure integration, management and operation integration, public works integration, and logistics transmission integration. The industrial chain and the product chain are kept together to form a perfect operating system. At the same time, the planning, construction, and transformation of chemical parks based on the principle of circular economy have also become measures being implemented in foreign chemical parks.
The fifth is management norms and high efficiency. Most of the world's famous chemical parks have specialized management companies responsible for day-to-day management. Some management companies also provide specialized services such as public works, environmental protection, logistics support, and facilities management for the park, enabling the company to focus its efforts on business operations. On the other hand, investment entities have established a long-term and stable cooperative relationship by linking industrial chains and industrial relations.
According to reports, since the early 1940s, the United States has taken the lead in adopting a centralized model to develop the petrochemical industry in the Gulf Coast region, which is rich in petroleum resources, numerous refineries, and convenient transportation. Baton Rouge has gradually formed in the region. Japan, Norco, Baytown, Beaumont, Port Arthur, Deere Park and a number of large-scale petrochemical industry gathering areas have created a precedent for the large-scale construction and development of the World Chemical Industry Park.
After the end of the Second World War, developed countries in Japan and Western Europe learned from the American model and established petrochemical industrial belts with relatively concentrated petrochemical industries in the coastal and coastal areas, which promoted the post-war economic recovery and take-off. In the three major regions of Tokyo Bay, Ise Bay, Seto Inland Sea, and Osaka Bay on the Pacific coast of Japan, a relatively concentrated large-scale production of integrated refining and chemical production has gradually developed in Antwerp in Belgium and Ludwigshafen in Germany. base. After a long period of business development, these chemical industry gathering belts and gathering areas have the basic features of modern industrial parks.
In the past 30 years, developing countries have drawn lessons from the development experience of the United States, Europe, and Japan, and adopted the development model of centralization, large-scale, base-based, integrated refining and chemical, and park development, and made great progress in the construction of chemical industry parks. In Ulsan, Lichuan and Dashan in South Korea, Jubail and Yanbu in Saudi Arabia, Matabo in Thailand, and Jamnagar in India, a number of petrochemical companies with world-class scale and higher degree of industry concentration have been established. Industrial Park. Since the middle and late 1990s, with the development of natural gas exploration and development in the world and the rapid development of the natural gas industry, large-scale natural gas chemical industrial parks with natural gas processing and utilization as the main content began to emerge in some important resource countries. Today, the world chemical industry park has presented five major characteristics:
The first is built on the main consumption areas or resource bases, with convenient transportation, complete supporting facilities and developed associated industries. Japan's chemical industry parks are concentrated in the Pacific Rim area where large oil tankers can be docked. On the one hand, they rely on the two major Japanese markets in Tokyo and Kansai; on the other hand, they are convenient for exporting to overseas markets; the three major chemical parks in South Korea face each other across Japan and the sea. With a large harbor as a base to facilitate the entry and exit of raw materials and products, and not far from the major cities along the coast of China, it is suitable for the development of petrochemical industry strategies in the country's two headways; Antwerp, Belgium's chemical industry zone is based on Antwerp's port, with roads, railways and waterways extending in all directions. The pipeline network system for raw materials, products and public utilities in the park is a complete one. It is one of the European petrochemical product production centers and radiates to the global market. The annual chemical commodity trade volume of the port is as high as more than 12 billion euros. The Saudi Jubail industrial area is located The Arabian Gulf Coast is located in the heart of the Saudi oil production area and is very close to the resource-rich Gulf countries. It has world-class ports, deep-water berths, and docks. The storage and transportation facilities and shared facilities are complete, allowing petrochemical products to be shipped quickly. Global Market. At the same time, most of the world-famous chemical parks are also adjacent to other related industries and processing areas, so as to further optimize resource allocation and coordinate development.
Second, large-scale assembly, integration of refining and chemical industry, large company concentration, high industrial concentration, and significant economies of scale. There are hundreds of large-scale petroleum and petrochemical companies from around the world gathered in the Gulf Coast region of the United States. Their sales revenue accounts for 25% of the US petrochemical industry. Refining capacity and ethylene production capacity account for 44% and 95% of the total capacity of the United States. Japan's Pacific Coast Chemical Industry Belt has concentrated 85% of Japan's refining capacity and 89% of its ethylene capacity. The Ludwigshafen Chemical Park in Germany has concentrated on 250 units of BASF, producing thousands of products in five categories and 12 categories, with an output value of up to US$2.14 billion per square kilometer. The Ulsan Petrochemical Industrial Park in South Korea owns 32% of the country's refining capacity and 19% of its ethylene production capacity, forming a pattern of processing downstream products with SK as the leader, more than 20 South Korean and foreign companies, and BN Sichuan Petrochemical Industrial Park. South Korea's 1/4 refinery capacity, 36% ethylene capacity, and more than 10 South Korean and foreign-funded enterprises process downstream product processing; Dashan Petrochemical has 12% of the country's refining capacity and 31% of its ethylene production capacity. According to statistics, at least 11 of the world’s 20 largest refineries with a capacity of over 20 million tons per year are located in the world’s famous chemical parks.
The third is to give full play to their advantages and attach importance to the construction of the park's characteristics. The petrochemical industry in Europe, the United States, Japan and other countries started earlier. In order to continuously meet the higher requirements of the local market for petrochemical products in terms of variety, quality, and use, and give full play to their technological advantages, they are retaining the necessary basis for the production of bulk petrochemical products. At the same time, it took the lead in developing high-tech and high value-added products such as specialization, specialization, functionalization, refinement, and differentiation. Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Iran, and chemical parks in countries such as India, give full play to their resource advantages and vigorously develop bulk petrochemical and natural gas chemical products.
The fourth is to adopt an all-round integrated construction and production operation concept. The major chemical parks in the world have adopted the concept of all-around integration in their construction and production operations, implementing project design integration, industrial structure integration, management and operation integration, public works integration, and logistics transmission integration. The industrial chain and the product chain are kept together to form a perfect operating system. At the same time, the planning, construction, and transformation of chemical parks based on the principle of circular economy have also become measures being implemented in foreign chemical parks.
The fifth is management norms and high efficiency. Most of the world's famous chemical parks have specialized management companies responsible for day-to-day management. Some management companies also provide specialized services such as public works, environmental protection, logistics support, and facilities management for the park, enabling the company to focus its efforts on business operations. On the other hand, investment entities have established a long-term and stable cooperative relationship by linking industrial chains and industrial relations.
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