The rapid development of smart hardware, wearable devices and networked vehicles opened the prelude to massive and explosive growth of the Internet of Things. The Internet of Things is gradually moving from a concept to its application. As the network speeds up, the Internet of Things will have more mature application cases, such as disaster prevention and disaster reduction. Japan's IoT technology is constantly being used in the field of disaster prevention and relief. For a country where earthquakes, typhoons and other natural disasters are frequent, the application of this technology undoubtedly has important practical significance. It is through flexible use of big data analytics that Yahoo Japan developed a technology that quickly grasps to more sheltered shelters after a disaster strikes. In the aftermath of the earthquake, Yahoo through real-time analysis of people's trajectory after the earthquake data on the map showed a specific location of different population density. This technology allows local governments to quickly learn what places people will choose to take refuge after a disaster strikes. In addition to the sanctuaries designated by the executive branch, which emergency shelters are available.
Internet of Things technology is widely used in the prevention and rescue of natural disasters, RFID, wireless sensor, GPS global positioning, bar code technology in all sorts of natural disasters play their respective roles, for people's lives and property to provide technical support . Time is life. IoT technology has won more emergency and rescue time in emergencies under various circumstances. What is the role of IoT technology in disasters? What can be done to protect the safety of people's lives and property? Here are some applications of IoT technology in disasters.
Geological disasters, Internet of Things technology used in prevention and rescue
A few years ago, British researchers have begun to study the use of RFID and sensors to monitor houses in the earthquake. They have called prototypes built in Greece "self-healing" houses. This type of house has been specially designed with slit spaces in the walls, and materials added to the walls to become fluids under strong pressure.
If subjected to the pressure caused by the earthquake, the fluid back into the gap, will not affect the solid wall. As a result, houses still exist but may move. If the building does not collapse, the data collected by the RFID and sensors will be used to determine the amount of positional offset. In addition, RFID tags and sensors in the building can work together to build a warning system to warn of upcoming earthquakes.
In the wake of the disaster, rescue work RFID also showed its superficial effect. In Japan, RFID tags are stuck on the road to refuge so that asylum seekers can clearly know the exact location of the safe shelter by using portable devices and play a very good guiding role. If someone is buried in the rubble, the trapped person can provide search and rescue personnel with their own specific location information through a built-in RFID tag phone so rescuers can rescue them as quickly as possible.
Fire RFID applications to monitoring and escape
In the midst of a fire, IoT technology offers survivors more opportunities to survive, and RFID is used in escape tools to make escape more efficient. There is a fire escape mask on the market that incorporates RFID technology that activates the mask's power and RFID system with just a finger touch and communicates directly with rescuers.
There is also an important function, the laser in front of the mask will be a big guide arrow projection to guide the escape route the best escape route to find the nearest escape point faster. The technology integration is mainly for the evacuation-oriented, the mask is used as a reading head, and the escape route will be installed on the high-temperature RFID electronic tags, reading head can read the RFID tags on the road to navigate.
In the fire monitoring, RFID technology also applies, the Korean government for the protection of relics, in a temple forest area after the placement of the RFID system as a fire monitoring. In addition to monitoring the area by installing a reader that senses and reads temperature data, this specially designed reader container rotates the lens to sense the surrounding area Environment, without having to fill the sensor in the forest area, otherwise it may hinder the relics.
The information obtained by the reader is placed on a platform, the temple side to do regular temperature monitoring, in the event of a fire accident, the system through the warning, the temple side of the individual reader to locate, know the location of the fire .
RFID to find flooded cars, identify evacuees affected
In recent years, the global climate has become even more anomalous. The urban waterlogging caused by the typhoon and the rapid rainfall has endangered people's lives and property. However, some time ago Beijing's waterlogging has disappointed the rescue efficiency test.
Recently, the Third Research Institute of Ministry of Public Security Internet of things R & D center to develop a kind of Internet of Things technology, the technology can be loaded in the car RFID chip, sensors and GPS module, the vehicles, car manufacturers and 4S shops, public security departments linked to a Information platform, if the car was flooded in the water, rescue workers just holding an RFID receiver, scan the car, you can determine the specific vehicle, the implementation of rescue.
According to the relevant personage introduction, RFID radio chip is equivalent to the car's electronic ID card, including the owner, models and other information; sensor can sense the car temperature, water level, GPS module can help locate. Owners can also own cell phone, through Bluetooth and other means of communication with the sensor.
If the car flooded, doors, windows are automatically closed, the sensor automatically senses, the danger message will be communicated to the owner's cell phone. The owner can convey the information to the information platform. Information arrives platform, will be car manufacturers, 4S shops, public security departments to see, rescue workers will be based on the car's GPS module to find the car's specific location.
If the car is flooded in the water, rescue workers just take the RFID receiver, scan the car, you can determine the specific vehicle, the implementation of the rescue.
Solve the technical problems, still need to follow up the rescue mechanism
Hurricane, one of the major disasters in North America, caused immeasurable disaster damage to the lives of local people. Texas, USA In response to the hurricane, emergency project development was launched in 2006. The system incorporates RFID / EPCGen2, GPS and barcode technology designed to simplify and automate the process of evacuating individuals or families who are elderly, sick, disabled or have no access to the vehicle in an emergency.
Disaster evacuation personnel can identify themselves by wearing RFID wristbands, thus avoiding frequent recording of evacuees' information
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