With the support of the Energy Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, ITRI and Stanford University of the United States work together to produce the world's first aluminum ion battery capable of stabilizing high-speed charge and discharge with graphite and aluminum as raw materials. The current experimental sample charge-discharge cycle has been up to 20,000 times. This research achievement has been affirmed in the United States for the R & D Awards 2016. ITRI has also applied for multinational patents, which will be shared with Stanford University.
Aluminum is the more abundant metal in the crust relative to lithium, accounting for about 8% of the crust. In addition to cheap, aluminum materials are also more environmentally friendly, it is very much by the world's battery energy storage research team's attention. Liu Chung-ming, president of ITRI and director of the Policy Institute, said that in the past, the cycle life of aluminum-ion batteries was too short to be practically used. The research team took this difficulty to explore Stanford University, spent a year or so, and finally made a major breakthrough. On the academic side, the research was featured in the journal Nature, and because of its practical nature of solving problems, it has great potential for commercialization.
ITRI ​​New Energy Technology Group Leader Wan Hao-peng said that ITRI has been very much hope that a breakthrough in the field of aluminum batteries, but still could not succeed. As a result, the research team came to Stanford University with the idea of ​​developing an aluminum battery pack, where they had a platform that brought together a variety of battery materials from researchers around the world. Fortunately, the ITRI team tested the graphite materials needed for aluminum cells. In the past, aluminum cells were not used anymore after about 100 charge and discharge cycles. The team found that the graphite material could be matched with an aluminum cell, charging and discharging up to 7,500 times and has now risen to 20,000 times.
Battery research and development is mainly divided into positive and negative materials, the ITRI has been unable to break through part of the positive electrode material, which hope that specializes in nano-carbon materials, Stanford University, can help identify the material. Because of the cooperation between the two parties, graphite was found as a positive electrode material and an aluminum battery with high-speed charge-discharge and endurance characteristics was obtained by embedding / inserting aluminum chloride into the graphite layered structure. In addition, the ionic liquid used in aluminum batteries is a liquid salt at room temperature, so it will not catch fire if short-circuit at high temperature and occupy a considerable safety margin.
Wan Hao-peng further analysis, due to the lower energy density of aluminum batteries, the stored electricity can not be as high as the lithium battery, the same power, the aluminum battery will become very large, so to replace the 3C products with lithium batteries is not Too likely, unless changed in material. However, although the energy density is inferior to the lithium battery, the aluminum battery has the opportunity to win the charge and discharge times. It can be applied to the application fields such as rail vehicles and large-scale electric vehicles instead of lead-acid batteries and super capacitors.
ITRI ​​has now made aluminum batteries for electric vehicles, hope the next year to optimize the relevant materials, and further improve the storage capacity. At present, the storage capacity of aluminum batteries is 40-60Wh / Kg, the lead-acid battery is 30 Wh / Kg, and the lithium battery is 180-200Wh / Kg. According to Liu Zhongming's estimation, it takes about two years to commercialize aluminum batteries.
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