Recently, the public has paid more and more attention to the issue of environmental protection. One of them is particularly concerned with whether the oil quality problem is one of the “culprits†causing haze.
PetroChina Expert: Oil National Standard issued by various stakeholders
It coincides with the convening of the "two sessions" in the country, and the attention of all parties to the quality of oil products and environmental protection issues has not diminished. In the secondary market, the number of stocks in the environmental protection engineering segment and the PM2.5 concept segment continued to rise.
GBC: Oil quality is not just a matter of national standard
In December 2013, the fifth national standard for vehicle gasoline was formally issued by the AQSIQ and the National Standards Commission. At that time, so a description: it was released in April of that year with the diesel car with five national standard, our vehicle will step into the international fuel standards at the highest level (with the European â…¤ quite).
However, in the later period of a long period of time, the implementation of the National Five Standard was full of doubts. In particular, with the attention of the outside world to haze, its implementation effect has been repeatedly discussed.
As Deputy Secretary-General of the Standardization Technical Committee of Petroleum Products and Lubricants, Wan Zhanxiang participated in the discussion of the national standard of China National Wuzhou Petrochemical Corporation organized by the National Standardization Administration Committee in 2013. He also has an identity as a standard management expert of CNPC.
When recalling to reporters several meetings more than a year ago, Wan Zhanxiang said that at that time, the last meeting was chaired by the then deputy director of the National Standards Committee. Representatives from the National Development and Reform Commission, the Energy Bureau, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, and the SASAC attended the meeting. , Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Commerce, Automobile Industry Association, and three major oil companies.
For the recent hotly-reviewed environmental survey, "60 to 70% of the standardization committees are people in the petrochemical industry." Wan Zhanxiang said, "The drafting unit for any industry product standard should be led by the industry. Leading companies take the lead, which is clearly stipulated. After the oil experts are drafted, they must be reviewed by all relevant parties, including manufacturers and users."
The relevant person in charge of the National Standardization Management Committee told this newspaper that the personnel composition of the Standardization Technical Committee for Petroleum Products and Lubricants is in line with the regulations, “but the quality of oil products is not just a matter of the national standardâ€.
At the time of participating in the discussion, Yuexin, director of the Laboratory of Vehicle Fuels and Additives of the Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, confirmed to the reporter that during the discussion, several parties had differences on the indicators of the State V and the implementation time of the State V.
How does the transition period transition?
Prior to this, major cities such as Kitakasa-Guangzhou had taken the lead in starting the use of the National 5th vehicle fuel oil standard. However, more cities still remain at the stage of State IV or even State III, waiting for the arrival of the transitional deadline. The reporter was informed exclusively that Hebei PetroChina and Sinopec jointly adjusted the quality of oil products to be implemented at 24:00 on March 3. The diesel engine was uniformly adjusted to the national standard. Hebei plans to upgrade oil products. By the end of 2014, the province will supply vehicle diesel fuel that meets the national standard. By the end of 2015, the province will supply vehicle and diesel fuel that meets the national five standards.
"The transitional period has no way of transitional period." Yue Xin told reporters that he thinks this is a major issue. The oil companies did not tell the public how the oil supply of the State Five was during this period.
However, Wan Zhanxiang said that the main problem in the supply of oil products is that it takes time for the refinery's equipment to be transformed, so the nationwide promotion needs to be gradually advanced.
"In some second-and third-tier cities, many cars are old Euro III and Euro IV vehicles. There is no sense in changing the oil. This is one of the reasons for the transition period," he said.
The main reason for no change is economic. Earlier this year, a news from Dalian said that from January 1, 2015, all the city's diesel fuel quality standards have been upgraded to the fourth phase quality standard, and the sales price of diesel fuel for the country’s fourth vehicle has been used in the country’s three vehicles. Based on the diesel sales price, the standard product will increase by 370 yuan per ton.
In addition, China's conventional diesel and automotive diesel have not been able to achieve the standard of integration, even in the national five standards. The diesel emissions from vehicles are small but the prices are high. The low price of common diesel and large emissions make it an absolute big consumer of sulfur dioxide emissions. Professor Zhou Xueshuang, a professor at the Environmental Engineering Assessment Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, once proposed that the United States, Europe, and other developed countries all implement uniform quality standards for firewood. China's diesel oil is divided into two different quality standards: diesel fuel and vehicle diesel. Different control indexes are used respectively. The standard sulfur content of common diesel is very high, and it does not control aromatics and PAH content.
At present, China's ordinary diesel is mainly used as fuel for diesel engines, diesel locomotives, engineering machinery, ships, and generator sets, etc. Especially in agriculture, the market still has a very large demand for Puchai.
Wan Zhanxiang said that at this point, the opinions of oil companies and environmental protection agencies are the same. Gas stations should not continue to sell Puchai, or whether the sales channels can be controlled should all be discussed.
The executive meeting of the State Council in February 2013 proposed to accelerate the upgrading of domestic oil refining companies and ensure that qualified oil products are supplied on schedule according to the upgrade time for gasoline and diesel fuels. PetroChina, Sinopec, and CNOOC must complete the task of reconstruction as scheduled. Accelerate the development and application of related technologies for automotive engines.
One of the transformations takes time, and the other is investment. Wan Zhanxiang mentioned that the transformation of a refinery requires billions of dollars, and companies must raise money on their own, so they can only be gradually transformed. The Petroleum Products and Lubricating Sub-Committee, Cao Xianghong, also mentioned earlier that it is more difficult for private enterprises because all sulfur reductions must go through the hydrogenation process, and a hydrogenation unit is several billion yuan. However, the data in 2014 showed that the private enterprise's refining capacity has approached 1/4 of the national total, and the output of oil products has exceeded 10% of the national oil production. Once the national five standards are rolled out nationwide, private refineries will be indispensable suppliers.
However, the reporter also learned from the participants at the time that the five national gasoline and diesel standards introduced in 2013 were in a hurry, and did not even pass the experimental stage such as the kilometer test.
A big background is that in February 2013, Premier Wen Jiabao, the then Premier of the State Council, convened an executive meeting of the State Council to propose an acceleration of oil quality upgrades. The transition period of the five vehicles for diesel and gasoline was all at the end of 2017. With the promotion from the top, the five national standards were all available in the year.
In addition to improving the sulfur content of the National Five Standard, Yue Xin pointed out that there are still some issues that need attention. For example, the vapor pressure of gasoline is divided according to temperature in the world, but the division of our country is too rough. Although the country has improved, it is still not enough. In addition, many indicators have room for improvement. Once these emissions are large, they will also cause air pollution.
China's "Regulations for the Implementation of the Standardization Law," Article 20 stipulates: After the implementation of standards, the departments that set standards shall conduct timely reviews based on the development of science and technology and the need for economic construction. The standard review period generally does not exceed 5 years.
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