Under normal working conditions, when the gear teeth are loaded, the root of the tooth is subjected to the alternating load, and then the cross-section of the tooth root transition part and the stress concentration caused by the machining tool mark, etc. Fatigue cracks will occur at the root of the tooth, which will eventually break the gear teeth. When the teeth are suddenly overloaded, the teeth may suddenly break or shear. In addition, when the tooth thickness is excessively thinned after the tooth wears, the tooth breakage occurs under normal working conditions.
In the helical gear transmission, the contact line of the tooth surface is a diagonal line, and the partial breakage occurs when the gear teeth are subjected to the concentrated load. If the manufacturing and mounting accuracy is poor or the bending deformation of the shaft is too large, the spur gear may be partially broken when the gear teeth are partially overloaded.
In addition, the random breaking of the electromagnetic brake is also a common form of gear breaking failure. Due to material defects, machining cracks, excessive concentration of residual stress, spalling of the tooth surface material and foreign matter entering the meshing space, poor lubrication, etc., the gear teeth are randomly broken. It is characterized by the fact that the teeth are broken at any part.
Precaution:
(1) Try to use a larger gear modulus and use a positive displacement gear. There is sufficient safety margin when designing the gears.
(2) Improve gear machining accuracy, avoid partial load and large vibration, causing partial breakage of gear teeth. Increase the root radius of the root transition and eliminate machining marks to reduce root stress concentration.
(3) Improve gear mounting accuracy. Increase the rigidity, so that the full-length part of the tooth contact line is evenly loaded, avoiding eccentric load.
(4) Reasonable material selection, use appropriate heat treatment methods to improve the hardness of the tooth surface material and the toughness of the tooth core material, and enhance the impact resistance of the gear teeth.
(5) Strengthening treatment of the surface material of the tooth root by means of shot peening and rolling.
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